Excessive consumption of alcohol has been linked to a range of short-term and chronic health issues from heart disease, stroke, liver disease to cancer. Alcohol over a period of time can weaken immune system, cause memory issues and brain disorders. Alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde are both classified as a Group 1 carcinogens or cancer-causing agents. Alcohol consumption is also a risk factor for mouth, pharynx, larynx, oesophagus, breast, bowel and liver cancers. One of the many ways alcohol harms your body is by causing gut health issues. It can affect the balance of bacteria in the gut microbiome which could lead to production of more harmful than healthy bacteria which in turn may cause digestive troubles like bloating, gas, leaky gut, loose motions among other issues. (Also read: Alcohol consumption contributes to chronic pain: Study)
When alcohol is consumed, it can have a range of effects on the gut microbiome, depending on the amount consumed and the frequency of consumption,(Pixabay)
"The gut is home to a vast ecosystem of bacteria and other microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiome. The health of this microbiome is essential to overall well-being, as it plays a critical role in digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune function. When alcohol is consumed, it can have a range of effects on the gut microbiome, depending on the amount consumed and the frequency of consumption," says Dr Amol Dahale, Consultant, Gastroentrology, Manipal Hospital, Baner-Pune.
"As the stomach is the first line of contact if anything is injected in the body. Hence, it is more vulnerable to gut. One of the primary ways in which alcohol affects the gut is by disrupting the balance of bacteria in the microbiome. Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to an overgrowth of harmful bacteria, while simultaneously reducing the levels of beneficial bacteria. This imbalance can lead to a range of digestive issues, including bloating, gas, and diarrhea," adds Dr Dahale.
Ill effects of alcohol consumptionDr Dahale in an interview with HT Digital talks about 5 ways alcohol can affect the gut health.
1. Leaky gutAlcohol consumption can lead to increased intestinal permeability, or 'leaky gut.' When this occurs, the lining of the gut becomes more permeable, allowing toxins, bacteria, and other harmful substances to leak into the bloodstream, leading to chronic inflammation. This condition has been linked to a range of health problems, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
2. GastritisAlcohol abuse can destroy the stomach's lining and lead to gastritis. This illness can cause rapid, frequent, and persistent symptoms.
3. Stomach cancerDrinking too much alcohol can double the risk of stomach cancer, which might also lead to colorectal cancer.
4. Liver failureIn the worst circumstances, this can result in liver failure and scarring. Additionally, alcohol decreases the liver's capacity for healthy cell growth and regeneration.
5. Damage to the pancreasOne of the two main factors contributing to pancreatic inflammation known as acute pancreatitis is alcohol consumption.
Ways to manage gut healthWhile alcohol consumption can have significant negative effects on gut health, there are ways to mitigate these effects. One of the most effective ways to do so is to reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption altogether.
"In addition to moderating alcohol consumption, one can also take steps to support the health of the gut microbiome. This includes consuming a diet rich in fiber, as this can help to nourish the beneficial bacteria in the gut. Fermented foods like yogurt are also excellent sources of beneficial bacteria that can help to maintain a healthy gut microbiome. Additionally, taking a probiotic supplement can also be beneficial in supporting gut health. Probiotics are supplements that contain live bacteria, and they can help to restore the balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiome. However, it's important to choose these probiotic supplements only after consulting a doctor," concludes Dr Dahale.
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